🧠 Neuroanatomy at a Glance
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📍 Cortical Areas Simplified
➊ Frontal Lobe
• Motor Cortex → Voluntary movement
• Broca’s Area → Speech production (left hemisphere)
• Prefrontal Cortex → Judgment, planning
➋ Parietal Lobe
• Sensory Cortex → Touch, temperature, proprioception
• Sensory Association Area → Object recognition
➌ Temporal Lobe
• Auditory Cortex → Hearing
• Wernicke’s Area → Language comprehension (left hemisphere)
➍ Occipital Lobe
• Visual Cortex → Processes visual input
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🗣️ Aphasia Breakdown
➊ Broca’s (Expressive) Aphasia
– Location: Frontal lobe
– Symptoms:
• Struggles to form words (non-fluent)
• Understands speech but can’t reply clearly
• Frustrated but aware
➋ Wernicke’s (Receptive) Aphasia
– Location: Temporal lobe
– Symptoms:
• Fluent but nonsensical speech (“word salad”)
• Can’t comprehend spoken/written words
• Unaware of errors (anosognosia)
Mnemonic:
• “Broca = Broken speech”
• “Wernicke = What did you say?”
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👶 Homunculus Cheat Sheet
• Face & Hands → Large lateral representation
• Legs → Small medial area
• Stroke Clues:
• MCA stroke: Affects face/arm
• ACA stroke: Affects legs
Fun Fact: Tongue movement is controlled by both brain hemispheres!
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⚡ Quick Clinical Pearls
• Frontal Lobe Damage → Disinhibition, personality changes
• Parietal Lobe Lesion → Neglect syndrome (ignores one side)
• Temporal Lobe Seizure → Smell/taste hallucinations